CBC, LFT and KFT Test in Delhi

CBC + LFT + KFT Test at Home (Complete Blood Count, Liver Function & Kidney Function)

The CBC + LFT + KFT combination panel covers three separate blood investigations in one home visit: the Complete Blood Count, which assesses the cellular composition of blood; Liver Function Tests, which evaluate both the health and synthetic capacity of the liver; and Kidney Function Tests, which measure how well the kidneys are filtering waste and maintaining electrolyte balance.

Few blood panels give a clinician as much actionable information from a single blood draw. Blood disorders, liver inflammation, fatty liver disease, anaemia of chronic disease, renal impairment, and electrolyte disturbances - many of these either have no early symptoms or produce symptoms too vague to localise to a specific organ. This panel acts as a broad safety net, picking up abnormalities across three critical systems before they progress to symptomatic or irreversible disease.

MAX@Home collects your blood at home at a time you choose. A certified phlebotomist uses sterile technique to draw a single sample that is dispatched to a partner NABL-accredited laboratory. The digital authenticated report covering all three panels arrives within 24 to 48 hours.

Complete Blood Count - What It Measures

The CBC counts and characterises the three cellular components of blood: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It measures haemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red cells, and generates derived indices that describe cell size and haemoglobin content - together allowing precise classification of anaemia type without additional tests.

Haemoglobin, RBC count, and haematocrit

Haemoglobin is the primary oxygen transport protein. Low haemoglobin defines anaemia; normal values are 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL in adult males and 12.0 to 15.5 g/dL in adult females. The RBC count and haematocrit (the proportion of blood volume occupied by red cells) provide complementary measures of the red cell mass and are used alongside haemoglobin to assess anaemia severity and hydration status.

Red cell indices-MCV, MCH, MCHC, and RDW

These four indices narrow down the cause of anaemia without needing additional tests. MCV (mean corpuscular volume) measures the average red cell size: small cells (microcytosis, MCV below 80 fL) point toward iron deficiency or thalassaemia trait; large cells (macrocytosis, MCV above 100 fL) point toward B12 or folate deficiency, hypothyroidism, or liver disease. MCH and MCHC measure how much haemoglobin each cell carries - low values indicate hypochromia, the hallmark of iron deficiency. RDW (red cell distribution width) rises when cells are unequal in size, a pattern typical of early iron deficiency before MCV has fallen.

White blood cell count and differential

The total WBC count with differential gives the proportions of the five white cell types: neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils. Neutrophilia suggests bacterial infection or acute inflammation; lymphocytosis suggests viral infection, pertussis, or lymphoid malignancy; eosinophilia triggers evaluation for allergy, parasitic infection, or eosinophilic disease; monocytosis is seen in chronic infections such as tuberculosis. The differential transforms a bare WBC count from a non-specific alarm into a clinically directed finding.

Platelet count

Normal platelet count is 1.5 to 4.0 lakh per μL (150,000 to 400,000/μL). Low platelets (thrombocytopaenia) risk bleeding and are caused by viral infections such as dengue, immune thrombocytopaenia, bone marrow suppression, liver cirrhosis with hypersplenism, or haematological malignancy. Elevated platelets (thrombocytosis) occur in iron deficiency, reactive states, or rarely in myeloproliferative disorders. Both directions have clinical significance and are reported with reference ranges on the MAX@Home report.

When CBC findings need urgent follow-up

Very low haemoglobin (below 7 g/dL), WBC above 20,000 or below 2,000 cells/μL, platelet count below 50,000/μL, or automated flagging of abnormal cell morphology are findings that should be discussed with a clinician promptly rather than at the next routine appointment. Most CBC results fall outside this range and can be reviewed at leisure, but the report's reference ranges make it straightforward to identify which values fall into the range requiring early attention.

Liver Function Tests - What They Measure

Despite the name, LFT is partly a misnomer: the panel measures both liver function (what the liver synthesises and processes) and liver injury (enzymes released when liver cells are damaged). The combination of the two types of markers allows identification not just of whether the liver is damaged, but of the pattern of damage - which is what guides the next diagnostic step.

ALT and AST - the transaminases

ALT (alanine aminotransferase) is the more liver-specific of the two. It rises predominantly when hepatocytes are damaged, making it the go-to marker for detecting hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), drug-induced liver injury, and autoimmune hepatitis. AST (aspartate aminotransferase) also rises in liver cell damage but is additionally elevated in muscle injury, haemolysis, and cardiac muscle damage. The AST:ALT ratio carries diagnostic meaning: a ratio below 1 is typical of viral hepatitis and NAFLD; a ratio above 2:1 is a classic feature of alcoholic liver disease; a very high ratio with markedly elevated AST relative to ALT may prompt investigation of non-hepatic sources.

ALP and GGT - cholestatic markers

ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase) rise primarily in cholestatic disease - obstruction of bile flow within or outside the liver. Common causes include gallstones blocking the common bile duct, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and drug-induced cholestasis. ALP is also elevated in bone disease (because bone cells produce it), so GGT is used as a cross-check: if GGT is also elevated, the ALP is almost certainly liver-sourced. GGT alone is a sensitive but non-specific marker that rises with any liver irritant, including alcohol, even when no structural disease is present.

Bilirubin - total, direct, and indirect

Bilirubin is the end product of haem breakdown. Total bilirubin above 2 mg/dL typically causes visible jaundice. The direct (conjugated) fraction rises when the liver is struggling to excrete processed bilirubin into bile - seen in hepatocellular disease and cholestasis. The indirect (unconjugated) fraction rises when red cell destruction outpaces the liver's conjugation capacity (haemolysis) or when conjugation is genetically impaired (Gilbert syndrome). The split between direct and indirect is the key to locating where in the bilirubin pathway the bottleneck lies.

Albumin and total protein - synthetic function markers

Albumin is synthesised exclusively by the liver and has a circulating half-life of approximately 20 days. Because it turns over slowly, albumin reflects sustained liver synthetic function rather than acute injury. In acute hepatitis, albumin is often normal even when transaminases are markedly elevated. In chronic liver disease - cirrhosis, chronic active hepatitis, end-stage liver failure - albumin falls progressively and its level is incorporated into clinical scoring systems (Child-Pugh, MELD) that predict prognosis and guide transplantation decisions.

Kidney Function Tests - What They Measure

The KFT assesses how effectively the kidneys are filtering metabolic waste, maintaining the electrolyte environment of the blood, and regulating acid-base balance. Most parameters in the KFT are either waste products that accumulate when filtration falls, or electrolytes whose balance the kidneys actively maintain.

Serum creatinine and eGFR

Creatinine is a metabolic byproduct of muscle turnover, cleared entirely by glomerular filtration. A rising creatinine reliably signals a falling filtration rate - but only after roughly 50 percent of kidney function has already been lost, because the remaining nephrons compensate by hyperfiltration. The eGFR, calculated from creatinine alongside age, sex, and sometimes ethnicity, converts this filtration signal into a number directly interpretable for CKD staging: eGFR above 90 is normal; 60 to 89 may be early CKD; 30 to 59 is moderate (stages 3a/3b); 15 to 29 is advanced (stage 4); and below 15 is kidney failure requiring renal replacement therapy.

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum urea

Urea is the major nitrogen-containing waste product of protein metabolism, produced in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. BUN (or serum urea) rises in renal impairment alongside creatinine, but is less specific: high protein intake, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, corticosteroids, and dehydration all raise urea without any change in kidney function. The BUN:creatinine ratio (or urea:creatinine ratio) helps distinguish intrinsic renal failure from pre-renal causes such as dehydration - a high ratio with rising creatinine suggests volume depletion rather than structural kidney damage.

Serum electrolytes - sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate

Sodium (Na) is the dominant extracellular cation. Hyponatraemia is common in heart failure, SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone), hepatic cirrhosis with ascites, and hypothyroidism. Hypernatraemia signals water deficit, most often from inadequate intake or diabetes insipidus. Potassium (K) is the critical intracellular cation governing cardiac and neuromuscular excitability. Hyperkalaemia - a hallmark complication of CKD and a side effect of ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and potassium-sparing diuretics - can precipitate life-threatening arrhythmias. Hypokalaemia, from diuretics or vomiting, causes muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias. Bicarbonate reflects acid-base status; metabolic acidosis with low bicarbonate is a complication of advanced CKD and high anion gap states.

Uric acid

Serum uric acid in the KFT primarily serves as a marker of renal urate handling rather than of gout directly. As eGFR falls in CKD, uric acid clearance diminishes and serum levels rise. Chronically elevated uric acid also contributes to urate crystal deposition in renal tubules, creating a vicious cycle of further renal injury. In the context of the full KFT, uric acid helps complete the metabolic picture and flags hyperuricaemia that may warrant dietary modification or urate-lowering therapy.

Why These Three Panels Work Best Together

When CBC, LFT, and KFT are reviewed as a set, patterns emerge that are invisible if any one panel is examined in isolation:

• Liver cirrhosis affects all three: thrombocytopaenia and anaemia from hypersplenism (CBC), low albumin, elevated bilirubin and transaminases (LFT), and rising creatinine in hepatorenal syndrome (KFT). Without the combined view, a single panel might miss the full picture.
• Haemolysis is detected across both CBC and LFT: the CBC shows low haemoglobin with an elevated reticulocyte count, while the LFT shows elevated indirect bilirubin from haem breakdown - together they confirm haemolytic anaemia without ambiguity.
• Medication toxicity - from methotrexate, NSAIDs, antiretrovirals, or statins - may suppress blood counts (CBC), elevate liver enzymes (LFT), and raise creatinine (KFT) simultaneously. Monitoring all three at every review is standard safe practice for patients on these drugs.
• Sepsis, decompensated heart failure, and advanced malignancy each produce characteristic multi-panel signatures that the treating clinician identifies from all three together rather than one at a time.
• Annual health screening: a normal CBC, LFT, and KFT together provides meaningful reassurance across blood, liver, and kidney health that no single panel can give.

Conditions Detected by This Panel

Anaemia - iron deficiency, B12 deficiency, and chronic disease

Anaemia is one of the most common findings on routine CBC, particularly in women of reproductive age, vegetarians, and the elderly. Iron deficiency anaemia produces microcytic, hypochromic red cells with elevated RDW. B12 and folate deficiency produce macrocytic anaemia with large oval red cells (macro-ovalocytes). Anaemia of chronic kidney disease produces a normocytic, normochromic anaemia that reflects deficient erythropoietin production - and the KFT's eGFR in the same report identifies the degree of renal impairment causing it. Without the combined panel, each type of anaemia would require separate testing to characterise.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

NAFLD is the most common liver disease in adults with metabolic syndrome and is typically detected through mildly elevated ALT and GGT with a normal or borderline ALP and bilirubin. Because NAFLD produces no early symptoms, this LFT pattern is often the first clinical signal. The CBC may show no abnormality in early disease; in advanced NAFLD progressing to cirrhosis, thrombocytopaenia begins to appear. Early detection through the annual CBC + LFT + KFT screen enables lifestyle modification before fibrosis develops.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

CKD is asymptomatic until late stages, and the KFT's eGFR is the primary tool for identifying it early. Alongside eGFR, the KFT typically shows rising creatinine and urea, elevated uric acid, and eventually electrolyte disturbances - rising potassium, falling bicarbonate - as the disease advances. The CBC simultaneously captures the normocytic anaemia of CKD, which requires treatment with iron supplementation and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Together, the two panels give the nephrologist and the patient a complete picture of CKD burden.

Liver Disease - Hepatitis and Cirrhosis

Both viral hepatitis (hepatitis B and C) and autoimmune hepatitis initially present with elevated ALT and AST with relatively preserved albumin and bilirubin. As chronic hepatitis progresses to cirrhosis, albumin falls, bilirubin rises, and the CBC shows falling platelets due to hypersplenism. A normal-looking CBC in a patient with abnormal LFT often reassures the clinician that chronic liver disease has not yet advanced to cirrhosis. An abnormal CBC in a patient with known liver disease prompts assessment of portal hypertension and liver synthetic function.

Pre-Operative Safety Assessment

Most anaesthetic protocols require CBC, LFT, and KFT before elective surgery. The CBC identifies anaemia that may need correction before surgery to reduce perioperative transfusion risk. The LFT identifies impaired liver synthesis - low albumin, abnormal coagulation if PT is co-ordered - that affects drug metabolism and bleeding risk. The KFT identifies renal impairment that requires dose adjustment for renally cleared anaesthetic drugs and antibiotics. Together, they form the complete pre-operative baseline.

Who Should Get This Test

• Adults above 30 for comprehensive annual health screening.
• Patients with diabetes, hypertension, or obesity - conditions that progressively damage both the liver and kidneys while often simultaneously causing anaemia.
• Those requiring pre-operative assessment before any planned surgery or procedure under general anaesthesia.
• Patients on long-term medications with known risks to blood count, liver enzymes, or kidney function.
• Individuals with fatigue, jaundice, oedema, reduced urine output, or persistent abdominal discomfort.
• Patients with CKD monitoring both renal function and the anaemia of chronic kidney disease.

How to Prepare for the Test

Fasting - why it matters for this panel

An eight-to-ten hour overnight fast is recommended. While CBC parameters are not affected by recent food intake, liver and kidney markers - and any lipid or glucose co-ordered on the same collection - require a fasting state for consistent and comparable results. Adequate water intake throughout the fast is important: dehydration concentrates serum creatinine and urea, creating a falsely elevated impression of renal impairment.

Medications and lifestyle before the test

• Continue all prescribed medications. The results should reflect your status on current treatment, not a medication-free state that does not represent your daily physiology.
• Avoid alcohol for 48 hours before the test. Even moderate alcohol use transiently elevates AST, ALT, and GGT.
• Avoid intense exercise for 24 hours before the test. Exercise raises AST, creatine kinase, and occasionally creatinine through muscle turnover.
• Inform the phlebotomist of any recent hospitalisation, new medications, or infections, as these acutely affect multiple parameters across all three panels.

How to Book with MAX@Home

The MAX@Home booking process is designed to require as little effort from you as possible.

1.  Visit the MAX@Home website or call the helpline and select the CBC + LFT + KFT combination panel.

2.  Choose a morning appointment that falls after your overnight fast.

3.  A certified phlebotomist arrives at your home with sterile equipment for all three panels.

4.  A single venous blood draw fills multiple collection tubes suited to each panel's requirements - one needle, all three tests.

5.  Samples are dispatched to a partner NABL-accredited laboratory under temperature-controlled conditions.

6.  Your full digital authenticated report is delivered to your registered email or phone within 24 to 48 hours.